Samarkand

Samarkand Samarkand Province Samarkand Province was established on January 15, 1938. It borders the Navoi region to the west, the Kashkhadarya region to the south, Jizzak to the northeast, and the Republic of Tajikistan to the east. Its area is 16.8 km². Its population is 3,685,700 (2018). The region consists of 16 districts, 11 cities, 12 small towns, and 125 village assemblies. The center of the region is the city of Samarkand. Agriculture includes cotton growing, viticulture, sericulture, horticulture, and tobacco cultivation. Machine building, food, weaving, building materials, and porcelain are well developed. The region is rich in volframe, gold, zinc, mercury, marble, lime, gypsum, and granite. The Zerafshan River flows through the entire region. The Zerafshan Valley is surrounded by the Pamir and Olai Mountains. Its summers are hot, and the winters are quite cold. The main river is Zerafshan. Its length is 193 km. The average population density is 168 per sq km, but in irrigated areas - 340-512 per sq km, in mountainous areas - 20-40 per sq km. Samarkand ranks 5th after Fergana, Tashkent, Andijan, and Tashkent regions in terms of gross product. The region accounts for 5% of Uzbekistan's industrial output, 1.3% of the agricultural economy, and 8.6% of its merchandise trade. There are 660 kindergartens, 1,223 secondary schools, 156 specialized schools, 20 high schools, 25 gymnasiums, 78 vocational colleges, one university, 5 institutes, and 117 hospitals operating in the region. 73% of the population lives in villages. In Samarkand, there are four power plants that supply the entire region with electricity: Tollugon, Irtechar, Xishrav, and Sogdiyona. Samarkand The population of Samarkand (in Uzbek and Tajik: Samarqand, in Russian: Samarkand) is over 509,000 (2014). It is the second largest city in Uzbekistan. Samarkand is located between the Dargom and Siab canals, in the Zerafshan Valley, 725 meters above sea level. It covers an area of ​​8,900 hectares. Its population is multinational, with more than 100 nationalities living in Samarkand. Samarkand is rich in historical monuments. UNESCO declared Samarkand a World Heritage Site in 2001. Samarkand is being redeveloped under a major government urban reconstruction program. Samarkand is one of the oldest cities in the world. It celebrated its 2,750th anniversary in 2007. It has been called "The Face of the Earth," "The Precious Pearl of the Islamic World," "Mirror of the World," "Pearl of the Orient," "Center of the Universe," and "Rome in the East." The ancient Greeks called it "Marakanda." There are multiple hypotheses about the origin of the word "Samarkand." The current name may come from the Sogdian words asmara, meaning stone or rock, and kand, meaning fort or city. Its etymological origin is also explained as "place of encounter" or "place of conflict" (samara: encounter, conflict in Sanskrit, kand, kent: city, a Central Asian term). According to another version, in ancient times, Samar, a mythical king, founded this city. The last syllable, "kande," means kent—town. That is, "the city of Samar." In his work "Masolik ul-Mamolik" by al-Istahriy, an Arab historian, describes that Samar came to ruin the city and destroyed it. The Turks called it "Samar qozdi," literally meaning "Samar dug." This name later changed to "Samarkand." The Afghan writer Forug' Kobouliy (18th-19th centuries) describes in his poem "Samar and Qand" that Samar, the leader of a clan, one day fell in love with the daughter of King Malik Bovar, who was named Qand. But Qand's mother was against this marriage. Samar left the city and, while crossing a barren desert, met Alexander the Great. Upon learning of her story, Alexander promised to help her. A little later, Alexander captured the city, but upon seeing Princess Qand, Alexander also fell in love. The young girl committed suicide upon hearing this news. Samar committed suicide on the tomb of his beloved. And Alexander had a mausoleum built over their graves. Shortly after, a city sprang up around this mausoleum, which gradually grew. Popular tradition attributes the founding of the city to Afrasiab, the legendary ruler of the Sakas, after whom the city is named (in Tajik, afros –siakhab – above the black water, that is, the Siab River). The Greeks called Samarkand Marakanda. In Chinese chronicles, it is called "Khan" and "Samoyuken" - the king's gans. Zakariyo ibn Muhammad al-Gaznaviy noted in his work "Osor ul-bilod" that the first citadel of Samarkand was built by Kayxusrav, the son of Kaykubod, the second time it was built

Samarkand Samarkand Province Samarkand Province was established on January 15, 1938. It borders the Navoi region to the west, the Kashkhadarya region to the south, Jizzak to the northeast, and the Republic of Tajikistan to the east. Its area is 16.8 km². Its population is 3,685,700 (2018). The region consists of 16 districts, 11 cities, 12 small towns, and 125 village assemblies. The center of the region is the city of Samarkand. Agriculture includes cotton growing, viticulture, sericulture, horticulture, and tobacco cultivation. Machine building, food, weaving, building materials, and porcelain are well developed. The region is rich in volframe, gold, zinc, mercury, marble, lime, gypsum, and granite. The Zerafshan River flows through the entire region. The Zerafshan Valley is surrounded by the Pamir and Olai Mountains. Its summers are hot, and the winters are quite cold. The main river is Zerafshan. Its length is 193 km. The average population density is 168 per sq km, but in irrigated areas - 340-512 per sq km, in mountainous areas - 20-40 per sq km. Samarkand ranks 5th after Fergana, Tashkent, Andijan, and Tashkent regions in terms of gross product. The region accounts for 5% of Uzbekistan's industrial output, 1.3% of the agricultural economy, and 8.6% of its merchandise trade. There are 660 kindergartens, 1,223 secondary schools, 156 specialized schools, 20 high schools, 25 gymnasiums, 78 vocational colleges, one university, 5 institutes, and 117 hospitals operating in the region. 73% of the population lives in villages. In Samarkand, there are four power plants that supply the entire region with electricity: Tollugon, Irtechar, Xishrav, and Sogdiyona. Samarkand The population of Samarkand (in Uzbek and Tajik: Samarqand, in Russian: Samarkand) is over 509,000 (2014). It is the second largest city in Uzbekistan. Samarkand is located between the Dargom and Siab canals, in the Zerafshan Valley, 725 meters above sea level. It covers an area of ​​8,900 hectares. Its population is multinational, with more than 100 nationalities living in Samarkand. Samarkand is rich in historical monuments. UNESCO declared Samarkand a World Heritage Site in 2001. Samarkand is being redeveloped under a major government urban reconstruction program. Samarkand is one of the oldest cities in the world. It celebrated its 2,750th anniversary in 2007. It has been called "The Face of the Earth," "The Precious Pearl of the Islamic World," "Mirror of the World," "Pearl of the Orient," "Center of the Universe," and "Rome in the East." The ancient Greeks called it "Marakanda." There are multiple hypotheses about the origin of the word "Samarkand." The current name may come from the Sogdian words asmara, meaning stone or rock, and kand, meaning fort or city. Its etymological origin is also explained as "place of encounter" or "place of conflict" (samara: encounter, conflict in Sanskrit, kand, kent: city, a Central Asian term). According to another version, in ancient times, Samar, a mythical king, founded this city. The last syllable, "kande," means kent—town. That is, "the city of Samar." In his work "Masolik ul-Mamolik" by al-Istahriy, an Arab historian, describes that Samar came to ruin the city and destroyed it. The Turks called it "Samar qozdi," literally meaning "Samar dug." This name later changed to "Samarkand." The Afghan writer Forug' Kobouliy (18th-19th centuries) describes in his poem "Samar and Qand" that Samar, the leader of a clan, one day fell in love with the daughter of King Malik Bovar, who was named Qand. But Qand's mother was against this marriage. Samar left the city and, while crossing a barren desert, met Alexander the Great. Upon learning of her story, Alexander promised to help her. A little later, Alexander captured the city, but upon seeing Princess Qand, Alexander also fell in love. The young girl committed suicide upon hearing this news. Samar committed suicide on the tomb of his beloved. And Alexander had a mausoleum built over their graves. Shortly after, a city sprang up around this mausoleum, which gradually grew. Popular tradition attributes the founding of the city to Afrasiab, the legendary ruler of the Sakas, after whom the city is named (in Tajik, afros –siakhab – above the black water, that is, the Siab River). The Greeks called Samarkand Marakanda. In Chinese chronicles, it is called "Khan" and "Samoyuken" - the king's gans. Zakariyo ibn Muhammad al-Gaznaviy noted in his work "Osor ul-bilod" that the first citadel of Samarkand was built by Kayxusrav, the son of Kaykubod, the second time it was built